Why water quality is key to health and the economy
To inform policy and innovation, we need to be able to quantify the health risks of coastal waterborne diseases and infections both now and in the future. We also need to understand the links between different pressures facing the environment and our health.
In this blog, Prof Tim Taylor (University of Exeter) explains the need to preserve water quality to support recreational activities and safeguard mental and physical wellbeing, sharing valuable lessons from previous European studies. Read his interview below:
Why is clean water essential for maintaining health benefits?
“Water quality plays a crucial role in maintaining Europe’s public health, especially in coastal areas. One notable project was the Seas Oceans and Public Health in Europe (SOPHIE) study, which surveyed over 14,000 individuals across 14 countries to understand public attitudes towards maritime activities. The survey revealed that recreational visits and water sports are highly beneficial for health, providing both physical exercise and mental health benefits from being near the coast. The survey found that these activities were rated very positively for their health benefits, highlighting the importance of maintaining good water quality to support public health and wellbeing.”
Can you explain the link between water quality and visitation rates?
“A good example is from the BlueHealth Survey in 2018 which highlighted the significant economic value of blue space visits to places like beaches, rivers and lakes. The study found that Europeans visit coastal and riverine areas about once a week on average, with variations across different countries.
“Using the travel cost method, the study estimated that the average value per visit was €41, and the annual per capita value of blue space recreation ranged from €1,070 in France to €3,527 in Germany. The study also used a contingent behaviour approach to understand how changes in water quality affect visitation rates, showing that improved water quality increases visits, while deterioration significantly reduces them. This approach revealed that a reduction in water quality could lead to an annual loss of €403 per adult and a total annual economic loss of €130 billion across Europe. So how do we quantify the benefits of clean water to justify investing in its protection?”
How is BlueAdapt contributing to healthier coasts and communities?
“Looking ahead, BlueAdapt is focusing on valuing the health impacts of coastal water pathogens through an international survey, estimating the benefits of early warning systems, and conducting cost-benefit analyses of selected adaptation options.
“Our work aims to fill the gap in literature on the health impacts of coastal waters, complementing existing studies on recreational values. By understanding the economic and health impacts of water quality, BlueAdapt aims to inform better policy decisions and promote sustainable management of coastal and marine environments.”
Further reading
Read more about our work on the economic costs and benefits of interventions and on the quantifying the impacts of poor water quality on public health.
Dr Tim Taylor is a Principal Investigator for BlueAdapt and Associate Professor in Environmental and Public Health Economics at the University of Exeter Medical School, having written over 50 papers and book chapters. Read his full bio here.
